Washing apparatus



March 26, 1935.

c. M. SNYDER El. AL 1,995,332 WASHING APPARATUS Filed April 29, 19:52

3 Sheets Sheet Fig Invenfor's Carl M. Snyder. -Jesse H. Clark Thir-Attorney March 26, 1935.

c. M. SNYDER arm. 1,995,332

WASHING APPARATUS Filed April 29, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Inverifor's YCarl M. fingder- Jesse H. Clark Their Affo rneg March 26, 1935. c. M.SNYDER ET AL WASHING APPARATUS File d'April 29, 1932 s Sheets-She et 3,lnvenl'o'rs Car-l M.Srg JesseHClar-k Their After-neg Patented Mar. 26,1935 hits ar- WASHING APPARATUS Carl M. Snyder, Glen Ehyn, and .tesseiii. Clark, ,ilicero, llll assignors to Walker Eishwasher Eorporaticn,Chicago, ill... a congregation of Delaware Application April 29', 1932,Serial are. scarce Claims.

Our invention relates to washing apparatus, more particularly toapparatus for washing dishes, and has for its object the provision ofimproved apparatus of this character.

vMore specifically, our invention relates to dishwashing apparatuswherein a cleansing fluid, such as water, is circulated or hurledthrough the washing chamber or vat by suitable power driven means, suchas a motor driven impeller.

In one of its aspects, our invention contemplates the provision ofimproved washing apparatus whereby suitable cleansing steps, such asrinsing and washing operations, can be effected in a simple, reliableand efficient manner.

In another aspect, our invention contemplates the provision of improvedmeans for automati cally supplying the washing chamber or vat with apredetermined quantity of cleansing water for the washing operation sothat the most efllcient cleansing action will be effected.

In carrying our invention into efiect in one form thereof, we provide awashing vat or chamber for receiving the dishes and utensils to becleansed, and a suitable cleansing fluid, such as water. Arranged withinthe vat is a dish-supporting rack and also suitable power driven meansarranged to circulate the cleansing water admitted to the vat either inspray form through therack to effect a rinsing action on the dishessupported therein or to hurl it through the rack with considerableforce, to efiect a more positive washing action on the dishes. The watercirculating means is so arranged that either of these cleansingoperationscan be effected when water is being admitted to the vatby-controlling the position of a drain valve provided for the vat sothat when the drain valve is open, the water supplied to the vat willmerely be sprayed through the rack to efiect a rinsing action, whereaswhen the valve is closed so as to allow the water to, accumulate withinthe vat, the water circulating means will engage the accumulated waterso as to hurl it forcibly through the rack to effect a more posi-. tivewashing action.

In order to supply the washing chamber or vat wi'h the proper quantityof cleansing fluid for.

, the washing operation, suitable means are provided for controlling thesource of water supply in accordance with the load imposed upon thewater circulating means and hence, in accordance with the load imposedupon the motor provided to operate the fluid circulating means.

This control means in one form of our invention comprises valve meansarranged to control the watersupply source, and means Iorlocking washingor the rinsing actions can be effected 10 selectively at will merely byoperating the control member to preselected controlling positions.

For a more complete understanding of our invention, reference should behad to the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 is a front elel5 vationof dishwashing apparatus embodying our invention, portions being brokenaway so as to illustrate certain structural details; Fig. 2 is a sideelevation, mainly in section, of the dishwashing apparatus of Fig. 1,portions being broken away so as to illustrate certain structuraldetails; Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken through the line 83 of Fig. 1taken at a right angle to Fig. 1 and having portions removed so as toillustrate certain details of construction; Fig. 4 is a fragmentary viewin elevation of a portion of the apparatus, parts being broken away andparts shown in section so as to illustrate certain structural details;Fig. 5 is a plan view illustrating a control member used in thedishwashing apparatus of Figs. 1 and 2; Fig. 6 is a fragmentary viewillustrating .certain details of construction; Fig.

'7 is a diagrammatic view illustrating certain details of controlmechanism used in the dishwashing apparatus; Fig. 8 is a fragmentaryview, main- 3. ly insection, illustrating a hinge structure used in thedishwashing apparatus; and Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 8 butshowing certain parts a in different operative positions.

Referring to the drawings, we have shown our invention in one form asapplied to dishwashing apparatus comprising a casing 10 having a. rearwall 11. end walls 12, a bottom wall 13 and a front wall 14. Thesewalls, as shown, are suitably shapedand joined together to define asubstantially rectangular casing. The walls are formed from a suitablesheet material, such as steel, preferably enameled, and may beformed'i'ntegrally as one sheet, or formed separately and 1 securedtogether in any suitable manner, as by welding.

Thewalls, as shown, are supported in an elevated position upon suitablelegs 15.

-The front wall 14 is provided with an opening 16 closed by a door, 16a..The door 16a is provided at its upper edge with a suitable hinge 17,whereby it can be swung on a horizontal axis to its open and closedpositions. The door is supported in its open horizontal position bymeans of braces 18 of any suitable well known construction. Thesebraces, as shown, are formed of a pair of links 18a and 18b pivotallysecured together, the links 18a being pivotally secured to the door,while the links 18b are pivotally secured to a brace 19 supported by thefront wall of the casing. When in its horizontal open position the doormay be used as a shelf. I

The back wall 11, the end walls 12 and the front wall 14 are provided attheir upper edges with in-turned flanges 21 which in turn are providedat their inner edges with upturned flanges 21a.

Supported upon the flanges 21 is a top casing member 22. The casingmember 22 is provided with vertically arranged side walls 23 whichterminate at their lower ends in in-turned flanges 24 having a widthsubstantially equal to that of the flanges 21 and which rest upon theseflanges. The member 22 also comprises horizontal top wall portions 25joined together to form a rectangle having the contour of the casing 10.Inner side walls 26 depend from the top walls 25.

The top walls 25, together with the inner side walls 26, define anopening 2'7, preferably of substantially square shape, adapted toreceive a washing chamber or vat 28 of the washing apparatus. The vat isformed of some suitable material, such as sheet metal, shaped to definea relatively deep chamber, square in cross-section. The inner side walls26 of the top member 22 are arranged to support the vat in asubstantially vertical position within the casing 10. As shown, thelower ends of the side walls 26 are in-turned somewhat and then flangeoutwardly to define a horizontal ledge 30. Cooperating with this ledgeis a similarly out-turned ledge 31 provided on and about the upper edgeof the vat. This latter ledge terminates at its outer edge in anup-turned flange member 32 which embraces the ledge 30 provided on themember 22 and is spaced somewhat from it.

The ledge 31 of the vat is clamped to the ledge 30 of the supportingmember 32 by means of a plurality of U-shaped clamping members 33, eachof which is provided with. an upper relatively long jaw 34 resting uponthe ledge 30 and a lower jaw defined by an adjustable bolt or screw 35engaging the lower surface of the ledge 31. As will be readilyunderstood; the clamping members 33 can be caused to grip thecooperating flanges 30 and 31 with any desired degree of pressure byadjusting the screws 35. If desired, and it is usually preferable to doso, a suitable sealing member 36, such asa rubber gasket, will be inthespace between the ledge 30 and the flange 32.

A- removable cover member 38 is provided for the vat 23, this cover, asshown, being provided with suitable hinge means securing it to thesupporting member 22.

This hinge means is arranged to support the v cover 38 in its openposition. As shown, the hinge means comprises a pair of hinges each ofwhich consists of a pair of pivotally connected hinge members 39 and 40.The hinge member 39 of each pair is secured to the top casing member 22by means of a bolt 41, while the member 40 is secured to-the cover 38 bymeans of bolts 41a. The mem-. ber 39, as shown, comprises a pair ofspaced upright hinge lugs 39:: and 39b (Fig. 1) that are provided withaligned vertically elongated apertures 390, as shown in Figs. 8 and 9.These apertures receive a hinge pin 42 which functions to pivotallysecure the members 39 and 40. The opposite ends of this pin are passedthrough the apertures 390 from which they project. The projecting endsare received in apertures provided for them in ears 400. provided on themember 40. The pin is secured intermediate its ends to the member 40 bymeans of a spring clip member (not shown) secured to the member 40 andreceived by a recess (not shown) provided in the pin. To remove the pinit is merely necessary to move the spring clip from the detent andwithdraw the pin laterally.

The heads of the bolts 41 are provided with ledges or catches 43 whichserve to lock the cover in a vertical open position. .The hinge members40, as shown, are provided at their rear ends with projections 43a.arranged to engage the latches 43, as shown in Fig. 9, to secure thecover. When the cover is moved from its closed position shown in Fig. 8to its open position shown in Fig. 9, it is first moved to asubstantially vertical position and then is lifted bodily upwardly bythe cam motion and then swung in the opening direction so as to allowthe projections 43a to move to the front of the catch 43. The cover isthen lowered and allowed to assume its dotted line position shown inFig. 9. If there is some obstruction back of the cover preventing thismovement, the cover nevertheless will be supported in its substantiallyvertical position by the locking means. The cover is stopped in itsdotted line position by means of a stop edge 44 arranged on the member40 to engage the lugs 39a and 39b.

Preferably the vet 28 and also its cover member 38 will be formed from asuitable rust-resisting steel which will be plated or enameled.

Suitable supporting open-work baskets or racks 45 and 46 are removablysupported in the lower and upper portions of the vat 28.

While any suitable dish and utensil supporting racks may be used, weprefer to use racks arranged substantially in accordance with thosedescribed and claimed in the copending application of Forrest A. Walker,Serial No. 621,042, filed July 6, 1932 and assigned to the same assigneeas this invention.

Briefly, these racks are of open-work form, the general contours of bothracks being substantially square so as to fit in the square vat. 28. Thelower rack'45 is formed in two compartments 47 and 48, the lattersurrounding the compartment 47. The inner compartment is provided with anumber of inverted, distorted, U-shaped bracket and the like. The outercompartment 48 is adapted to receive such-utensils as'soup plates,platters and serving dishes. The bottom of the rack 45 preferably willbe covered by a screen 49a, as

menace Compartments. As shown, a relatively deep compartment 51 isprovided for small flat pieces; a compartment 52 is provided for cupsand glasses;

and a central compartment 53 is provided for cups, glasses and the like.This central compartment 53 is provided with a hinge 53a, so that .itcan be swung to an open position to provide access to the lowerrackwithout removing the upper rack from the vat.

Preferably, the wires forming both racks 45 and 46v will be covered witha suitable somewhat resilient material, such as rubber.

Arranged within the compartment c7 of the lower rack is a tray or basket54 arranged to receive knives, forks, etc. This basket, as shown, issupported above the screen 49a.

The bottom wall of thevat 28 is provided with a plurality (four) ofinclined portions 55 which slope downwardly toward the center of thebottom at the vat and terminate in an opening 56 arrangedcentrally ofthe vat.

In the lower portion of the vat 28 above the opening 56 is a suitableimpeller 60 arranged to rotate on an axis substantially coaxial with thevertical axis of the vat and with the axis of the central opening 56.The impeller 60 is operated by an electric motor 61 mounted below thebottom wall of the vat and having its shaft extending through theopening 56 and operably connected with the impeller.

The motor 61 is supported in the bottom wall of the vat by means of abushing or supporting frame 63. The four bottom walls 55 of the vatterminate in a circular in-turned flange 64. As shown, the bushing 63 issecured to the flange 64 by means of a plurality of bolts 65 (Fig; 4)which are passed through suitable apertures provided forthem in theflange and a clamping ring member 65a supported-on the upper side of theflange 64. The-bushing 63, as shown, is provided with a depending skirt66 of enlarged diameter. This skirt serves to secure and support themotor 61. As shown, the upper portion of the motor frame is providedwith an outwardly projecting .flange 67. This flange is received by amember 68 formed of some suitable resilient material, such as rubber.This resilient member, as shown (Fig. 1), has a plurality of spacedenlarged sections of substantially U -s'hape joined by U -sections ofsomewhat smaller dimensions, the two legs of the U members beingarranged to grip tightly the opposite sides of the flange 67. Theresilient member 68 is retained within the skirt 66 by means of aclamping or pressure ring 70 which in turn .is secured to the skirt bymeans of a plurality of radially disposed set-screws '71 I engaging theclamping member, as clearly shown in Fig. 1. Suitable water-tightsealing means or gaskets will be provided between the flange 64 and theframe 63 and ring 65a.

The frame 63, in addition to serving as a su port for the impeller,driving motor 61, has several additional functions: It serves to conveyfresh cleansing water to suitable water distributing and circulatingmeans in the vat 28, and further, serves to conduct the soiled waterfrom the vat to a suitable drain. The frame 63, as shown, s providedwith a passageway or conduit '74. This passageway is defined by an outerwall of the frame, an inner wall 75a spaced from the outer wall, abottom wall 76 joining the inner and outer walls at the bottom, a topwall "17 join ng the innerand outer walls at the top and end walls '18(Fig. 3) This passageway 74, as shown (Fig. 3) extends along theperiphery of one side ,of

&

the frame through an angle somewhat greater than 180.

Communicating with this conduit 74 is a conduit 80 which, as willbepointed out in greater detail hereinafter, communicates with a suitablesource of fresh water supply.

The frame 63 is further provided with an in-= ternal chamber 90, oneside of which is defined by the inner wall 75a of the chamber 7%.0pposite this wall the chamber is provided with a relatively longopening 91 (Fig. 3) that communi cates with a conduit 92, which in turncommunicates with a drain passageway 92a.

The chamber is provided with a bottom wall 93 which is provided with acentral reentrant portion 94. This reentrant portion, as shown in Fig.1, projects upwardly for some distance into the chamber 90 in asubstantially vertical direction and then slopes inwardly toward themotor draft 62, finally terminating in a vertically arranged portion 95of relatively small diameter. This bushing 95, as shown, serves tosupportand secure a sleeve 96 in a substantially vertical position.

Surrounding this sleeve 96 is a valve 9! arranged to controlcommunication between the vat 28 and the drain chamber 90. This valve9'? is provided with a closure portion tie-that cooper- .ates with thevalve seat 100. This seat, as shown in Fig. 1, rests in a ledge orrecess .101 provided for it in the frame63. The valve is furtherprovided'with a sleeve 102 extending vertically up wardly from theclosure portion and arranged in concentric and spacedrelation with thesleeve 96. The space between the members 96 and 102 communicatesdirectly with the drain chamber 90 and functions as an overflowpassageway for the cleansing fluid or other-liquid introduced into Asuitable valve operating member is provided,

this member, as shown, comprising a horizontally disposed operatingshaft 104 having a portion arranged within the drain chamber 90. Thisshaft is provided with crank arms 105 which carry outwardly projectingpins 106 cooperating with arms 107 depending from the valve 9'? andprovided with apertures 108 for. receiving the pins 106, whereby thevalve can be raised and lowered by rotating the. shaft 104. The shaft104 protrudes from the chamber 90, the protruding portionbeing'op'erably associated with suitable operating mechanism, as will bedescribed in greater detail hereinafter.

Arranged above the drain chamber 90 and valve 9'7 is a suitable strainer109.

The impeller 60 is provided with blades 60a which may have any suitableshape, the important feature being that the blades be given a shape suchthat a cleansing fluid placed in the lower portion of the vat will bethrown upwardly and outwardly throughthe racks 45 and 46 man eflicientmanner by rotary motion of the impeller. The blades 60a of the impellerare mounted on an apron-like member 110 which, as shown, is providedwith an enlarged skirt that is arranged extriorly of the valve sleeve102 and spaced from it sufliciently to eliminate any possibleinterference by the valve to the rotation of the impeller or by theimpeller to the operation of the valve.

shown, the upper end of the skirt is provided with a reentrant portion111 that surrounds and closely fits a bushing 112 secured to the motorshaft. The upper end of this bushing is provided with a flange 112awhich, as shown in Fig. 1, is received in a suitable recess provided forit in the upper end of the impeller. This bushing is secured to theshaft 62 by means of a screw 113 threaded into an aperture (not shown)provided for it in'the motor shaft.

The frame 63 including the inlet passageway 80, the drain chamber andconduit 92, the tubular valve 9'7 surrounding the shaft 62 and arrangedto control the drain port, the sleeve 96 and the arrangement of theapron-like skirt of the impeller surrounding the sleeve and drain valveform no part of this invention, but are described and claimed in thecopending application of Karl K. Huppman, Serial No. 657,781, filedFebruary 21, 1933, and assigned to the-same assignee as this invention.

The impeller preferably will be formed as a single piece and may be madefrom any suitable material, such as cast aluminum, or pressed steel.

The washing apparatus is provided with a suitable source of cleansingfluid supply, such as hot water, which is directed to the washingapparatus through a conduit 116. This conduit communicates with theconduit 80 and hence with the fluid supply chamber 74 through a suitablecontrol valve 117; As shown, this valve comprises a closure member 118that cooperates with a. valve seat 120 which controls communicationbetween the conduit 116 and the conduit 80. .The valve seat divides thevalve housing into two chambers 119 and 119a, the former communicatingwith the inlet 116 and the latter with the conduit 80.

A piston 121 is connected with the valve member 118 to operate it to andfrom its seat 120. This piston is arranged to reciprocate in a cylinder122.

It will be observed that the inlet 116 communicates with the valvechamber at a point between the piston 121 and the valve seat 120. Thepressure of the fluid introduced from this source 116 to the valvechamber is used to control the piston 121 to operate the valve 118 toand from its seat 120. This control is effected by means of a pilotvalve 123 arranged axially of the piston and valve,"and further arrangedto provide communication between the chamber on the left of the pistonas viewed in Figs. 3 and 4 and the chamber 119a of the valve housing.The piston 121 is so arranged in the cylinder 122 that fluid in achamber closed by the pilot valve. This latter aperture is closed whenthe valve is seated,

but when the valve is opened communicates directly with the cylinderchamber 122 on the left of the piston, thereby placing this chamber incommunication with the chamber 119a-to relieve the pressure on the leftside of the piston.

The pilot valve 123 is normally biased to its closed position by meansof a compression spring 123a which is interposed between the valve andthe cylinder head 126.

It will be observed by reason of the foregoing arrangement that when thepilot valve is moved toward the left to uncover the port 124b, thechamber on the left side of the piston will be placed in communicationwith the chamber 119a, whereby the pressure on the left side of thepiston is relieved. As this pressure is relieved the pressure acting onthe right-hand side of the piston forces the piston to the left, therebyopening the valve. If the pilot valve is then allowed to move to itsclosed position, water will leak past the piston to the left sidethereof and build up a pressure which eventually will overcome thatacting on the right side of the piston, due to the differences in areasof these two sides, and, as a result, the piston will be moved towardthe right to close the valve 118.

The pilot valve 123 is actuated to its open posi tion by means of alever pivotally mounted in the chamber 1190 on a suitable pin 131provided for it in the chamber. The pin 131 is supported by a sleeve 132which is supported in a vertical position by the walls of the chamber119a. The lever 130 is mechanically connected at its lower end to thepilot valve by means of an arm 133 which is rigidly secured to the lowerend of the lever and is provided with a head or hammer 134 arranged sothat when the lever 130 is moved in a counter-clockwise direction, asviewed in Fig. 4, the hammer will engage the pilot valve to move it toits open position. The lever 130 is normally biased to a verticalinoperative position, shown in Fig. 4, by means of a resilient member135 having the form of an elastic metallic bellows. The bellows, asshown, is mounted in a vertical position in the chamber 119a and issecured at its upper end to the housing of the chamber. At its lower endthe bellows is secured to the lever 133. It will be understood that whenthe lever 130 is actuated in a counter clockwise directionto effect theopening of the pilot valve 123 the bellows 135 will exert a force uponthe lever tending to return it to its neutral position, as shown in Fig.4.

It will be observed by reason of the foregoing arrangement that when thelever 130 is moved in a counter-clockwise direction, the valve 118 will.

their lower ends to upright coupling members 142 and 143- supported bythe ring member 65a and which arein communication with the. supplychamber '74 through nipples 144 and 145. The conduits and 141 at theirupper ends are 'tumed inwardly toward each other at nearly right anglesto the vertical portions and terminate in a chamber 146 arrangedsubstantially in the vertical' axis of the vat 28. Communicating withthe chamber 146 is an upright conduit 147, and mounted for rotation onthe upper end of this conduit and in fluid communication with itis asuitable spinner or spray device 148. This spray device 148 as shown isprovided with a pair of reaction nozzles 149 and 149a. These nozzlesarearranged at different angles to the vertical, whereby the water issuingfrom them is directed through diiferent paths which sweep throughsubstantially the entire upper portion of the vat and through the racksand 46. Y

The conduit 147 is provided on its exterior with a plurality of radiallydisposed supporting fins which, as shown, slidably receive and guide thebasket or tray 54 'to its position of rest above the screen 49a, andfunction to secure the tray in a vertical position, as shown in Fig. 1.One of the fins is provided with a projection (not shown) which engagesthe basket to support it.

The particular fluid supply means comprising the conduits 140 and 141,the chamber 146, the conduit 147 and the spray device 148 is describedand claimed in the copending applica-- tion of Jesse H. Clark, SerialNo. 653,243, filed January 24, 1933, and assigned to the same assigneeas this invention.

The impeller driving. motor 61 is provided with a suitable source ofelectrical supply 152' controlled by a switch 152a.

The inlet valve operating mechanism, the drain valve operating mechanismand the motor switch are controlled by'cams 153, 154 and 155.

These cams are provided with a common operating shaft 156 that ismounted for rotation ina suitable casing or housing 157. The shaft andhousing are supported by a plate 158 which in turn is secured to thebushing 63 by means of bolts 15811.

The inlet valve cam 153 operates a lever 159 which is provided wtih afollower 159a that engages the cam. The lever 159 is pivotally mountedat its upper end upon a stud shaft 160. This shaft in turn is supportedby the plate 158-. The lever 159 operates the lever 130 through a pin161 which is mounted to reciprocate in a. bushing 162 provided for it inone wall of the housins 157.

The drain valve cam 154 operates a crank arm 163 which is operablyconnected to the drain valve shaft 104. As shown, the crank arm 163 isprovided with a follower 163a riding on the cam 154.

The cam engages the movable contact arm 164 of the motor switch 152a.

The shaft 156 is mechanically connected with a flexible operating shaft165 through suitable bevel gears 16511. The shaft 165 extends upwardlyat the rear side of the casing 10 and protrudes from the top member 22to the exterior of the casing. A manually operable operating member orknob 166 is attached to the protruding end portion of the shaft 165 sothat when the operating knob is turned, rotary motion will be impartedto the cam shaft 156 and to the cams mounted thereon. Cooperating withthe knob 166 is a suitable fixed indexrmember 16'? indicating certain.controlling positions for the knob, namely, an 011 position, and "Wash-Rinse and Spray positions. Preferably the flexible shaft 165 will becovered by a suitable protective casing 168.

It will be understood that the cams 153, 154 and 155 will be arranged toeifect a predetermined sequence of operation of the inlet supply valve,the drain valve and the motor controlling switch when the knob 166 isrotated. It is contemplated that the knob 166 will be rotated in aclockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. '5, to eifect proper operation ofthe cams.

The cam shaft 156, and hence the knob 166, is utilized to controlsuitable auxiliary means for controlling the. valve 118 so as to allow apredetermined quantity of cleansing water to be supplied to the vat fora predetermined cleansing operation, namely, the washing operationproper. The auxiliary control means comprises a pivotally mounted latch170 arranged to engage and lock the arm 159 in its position to maintainthe inlet valve 118 in its open position after the arm has been moved tothis controlling position by the operation of its earn 153. As shown,the latch 170 is arranged to engage a suitable detent 1'11 provided onthe lower end of the arm 159 to lock the arm in its valve openingcontrolling position. The latch 170 is biased to its latching positionby means of a suitable spring 172, as clearly shown inFigs.,6and7.

The latch 1'70 is arranged to be moved to its uniatching or releasingposition by means of an electro-magnet 173. The armature 173a of thismagnet 173 is arranged to rotate on the axis of --circuit under certainconditions of operation. A

switch 175 is provided whereby this coil can be short-circuited (Fig. 6)under other conditions of operation.

It will be observed in view of the foregoing arrangement that the latch170 will be released in accordance with the excitation of the coil ofthe electro-magnet, and that this excitation in turn will depend uponthe motor load. Thisload in turn depends upon the amount of water whichis allowed to accumulate in the vat 28. If the drain valve 9'7 is openat the same time that water is supplied to the vat, practically no waterwill accumulate. However, if this valve-is closed at the same time thatthe inlet valve'118 is open, water will accumulate in the vat and theload imposed on the motor by the impeller will build up as more and more.water is supplied. As this load gradually builds up, it is obvious thatthe'pull exerted by the electro-magnet 1'73 will also build up. As themotor load increases, the pull exerted by the magnet will increase untileventually it will attain such a value that it will attract its armature173a and thereby move the latch to release When the latch is moved toits released position, it will engage the movable contact of the switch175 to close the switch and thereby shortcircuit the electro-magneticdevice. This operation cuts the magnet coil out of the motor powercircuit after the magnet has functioned to release the latch.

The latch 170 is further controlled by means ofa cam 176 mounted on theshaft 156 so as to engage the latch under certain conditions ofoperation to prevent the latch from movingto its locking position.

The cam shaft 156 is further provided with a positioning cam 1'77 withwhich a suitable follower 178 cooperates. This follower, as shown (Fig.6), is mounted upon a suitablelever arm 1'79 which is biased in acounter-clockwise direction by means of a. spring 180 so as to cause thefollower to engage-its positioning cam. The positioning cam has threepositioning detents 181 for the three controllingpositions of the camshaft, namely, the Off, Wash-Rinse" and Spray positions. These detentsare positioned 120 apart.

It will be understood that the cams 153, 154, 155 and 176 will be soarranged upon the operating shaft 156 and the lifts of these cams willbe so arranged that when the shaft is rotated in a predetermineddirection, which is the clockwise.

direction, as viewed in Figs. 4, 5 and 6, the members controlled bythese cams will be operated in a predetermined sequence so as toestablish a predetermined cleansing cycle of operation of' the washingapparatus. This cycle of operation will include rinsing and washingoperations.

In the operation of the washing apparatus, it will be understood thatthe dishes and like utensils to be cleansed will be placed in theirrespective supporting trays'45 and 46. The attendant may use the door16a as a shelf to assist in loading the vat.

Under the initial conditions, with the control knob 166 in its Ofiposition, the controlling cams will be in such positions that the drainvalve 9'7 will be open, the inlet valve 118 will he closed and the motorcontrolling switch 152a will be in its open position so that the motorwill not be energized. The controlling cams and their associatedcontrolled members are shown in their Off positions in Figs. 4 and 7. I

In order to effect the rinsing .operation, the control knob 166 will bemoved in a clockwise direction through substantially 120 of motion toits position indicated Spray (Fig. 5). When the knob is moved to thisposition, the cam shaft will be turned through 120 of motion. Thisrotation of the cam shaft will bring the inlet valve cam 153 into such aposition that the lever 159 will operate the lever 130 in acounterclockwise direction so as to open the pilot valve 123. Thisoperation, as pointed out in detail above,

efiects the opening of the inlet valve 118. The

was

.peller m'otor.

is supplied to the spray device 148 from the supply source 116 will behurled through the dish supporting racks 45, 46' and 54 and thence passto the drain 92a.

This operation efiects a rinsing action on the utensils in the racks.This preliminary rinsing peforms the important function of removing thelarger particles of food soil from the dishes and the utensils andcarrying them to the drain. When hot water is being used as thecleansing medium, as is usually the case, this rinsing step I alsoperforms the functionof removing cold water which may lie in the-hotwater supply line,

and further, serves to raise the temperature of the vat and apparatusarranged therein in order to eliminate excessive cooling of the hotwater supplied for the subsequent washing operation p oper.

The above'described rinsing operation will continue as long as thecontrol knob 166 remains in continue to flow from the source 116 to thevat where it is sprayed over the dishes and then passed to the drain.

In order to effect the washing action proper, the control knob .166 ismoved to its Wash- Rinse position 120 in advance of the Spray" position.This operation of the control knob moves the cam shaft 156 throughanother 120 of motion. This movement of the cam shaft brings the cam 154into such a position that the drain valve 97 is allowed to close, andbrings the latch cam 176 to such a position that the latch is releasedand allowed to move to its locking position, shown in Fig. 6, wherebythe lever arm 159 is; locked in its position to maintain the inletsupply valve 118 open. The motor switch cam 155 will still be in suchposition that the motor switch 152a will remain closed; the motor,therefore, will continue to rotate the impeller. The fluid supply valvecam 153 will be moved to such a position that the lever 159 can be movedto its inner valve closing position (Fig. 4) to allow the fluid supplyvalve to close when the latch 170 is operated to release the lever. 1

As pointed out above, in view of the fact that the drain valve 97 hasbeen closed, the water which issues from the spray'device 148 willaccumulate in the lower portion of the vat, and as a result will imposean increasing load upon the impeller andhence upon its driving motor 61.When a predetermined quantity of water has been supplied to the vat,this load will have been built up to' such a value that theelectro-magnet 173 will be energized sufliciently to release the latch170. This operation will allow the inlet valve 118 toclose, therebyshutting off a further supply of water to the vat. This operation of thelatch will also closetheswitch 175 to shortcircuit the electromagnet173.

It will be understood that';the.valve 118 will be controlled to allow aquantity of water to be sup-. plied to the vat that will give the mosteflicient cleansing action on the dishes, the particular type ofimpeller 60 and the shape and proportions will be allowed to open toeffect the deenergization of the motor; the drain valve will be moved toits open position; and the inlet supply valve 118 will remain in itsclosed position.

It will be understood that it is not necessary to go completely throughthe above described cleansing cycle, but that the'control knob 166 maybe moved to and stopped at'theSpray" position so as to efiect a rinsingaction, and then returned to its Off position without going through theWash-Rinse" position, orit may. be'turned directly to the Wash-Rinseposition without the preliminary spray. Moreover, the knob-may be movedto 011 or Spray" from Wash-Rinse.

When-the knob is moved directly from 011 to Wash-Rinse., the motor willoperate but the inbecause the motor can be run for purposes of serviceor to operate a mixing device or some auxiliary device without cuttingoff the source of water supply to the washing apparatus. The control,therefore, is quite flexible in its operation.

If desired, the shaft may be operated by means of a program or timingmotor sothat the apparatus will effect an automatic cycle of operationincluding rinsing and washing cleans ing steps.

While we have shown a particular embodiment of our invention, it will beunderstood, of course, that we do not wish to be limited thereto sincemany modifications may be made, and we, therefore, contemplate by theappended claims to cover any such modifications as fall within the truespirit and scope of our invention.

predetermined positions of said last-mentioned cam. I

5. Dishwashing apparatus comprising a vat adapted to contain a cleansingfluid, power means for circulating said cleansing fluid in said vat,means for supplying cleansing fluid to said vat, a valve controllingsaid fluid supply means, a cam, an operable connection-between said camand said valve arranged so that the operation of said valve to its openposition is effected by the operation of said cam, locking meansoperably asv sociated with said operable connection for look- What weclaim as new and desire to secure by means that varies as the load uponsaid fluid circulating means varies when the quantity of fluid in saidvat is changed so as to release said valve to shut ofi the supply offluid to said vat when said load attains a predetermined magnitude.

2. Dishwashing apparatus comprising a vat adapted to contain a cleansingfluid, means arranged to circulate said cleansing fluid in said vat, amotor connected to operate said fluid circulating means, means forsupplying cleansing fluid to said vat, a valve controlling said fluidsupply means, latching means arranged to lock said valve in its openposition and control means for said latching means operably associatedwith said motor to respond to the load imposed thereon in operating saidfluid circulating means so as to control .said latching means to releasesaid valve to shut off the supply of fluid to said vet when said loadattains a predetermined magnitude.

3. Dishwashing apparatus comprising a vat adapted to contain a cleansingfluid, a dish supporting rack in said vat, an impeller in said vatarranged to circulate said cleansing fluid through said rack, a motorarranged to operate said impeller, means for supplying cleansing fluidto said vat, a valve controlling said fluid supply means, means foreiTecting the operation of said valve to its open position, latchingmeans operably associated with said valve operating means so as to locksaid valve in its open position, an electromagnetic device operablyassociated with said latching means to release said valve at apredetermined value in the excitation of said device and meanscontrolling said excitation in accordance with the load imposed on saidmotor.

4. Dishwashing apparatus comprising a vat, means for supplying cleansingfluid to said vat, valve means controlling said fluid supply means, amember operably associated with said valve to eflect its operation tothe open position, a cam for operating said member, a latch operablyassociated with'said member to lock said valve in its open position,means operably associated with said latch to release said valve and acam op'erably associated with said'latch to prevent its operation tolock said valve in its open position in condition of operation of saidfluid circulating ing said valve in its open position, means dependentupon the load imposed on said power means for releasing said lockingmeans, a cam operably associated with said locking means to prevent itsfunctioning in predetermined positions of said last mentioned cam and asingle means controlling the operation of said cams.

6. Dishwashing apparatus comprising a vat adapted to contain a cleansingfluid, means for circulating said cleansing fluid in said vat, a motorfor operating said fluid circulating means, an electrical circuit forsaid motor, means for supplying cleansing fluid to said vat, a valvecontrolling said fluid supply means, means arranged to effect theoperation of said valve to its open position, locking. means arranged tohold said valvein said open position, an electromagnetic ranged tocirculate said cleansingv fluid in said vat, a. motor connected tooperate said fluid circulating means, an electrical circuit for saidmotor, a. switch controlling said electrical circuit, means forsupplying cleansing fluid to said vat, a valve controlling said fluidsupply means, means arranged to effect the operation of said valve toits open position, a latch arrangedto lock said valve. in said openposition, an electromagnetic device including an energizing coiloperably associated with said latch to release it at a predeterminedvalue in the excitation of said device, electrical connections betweenthe energizing coil of said device and the electrical circuit of saidmotor so that said coil is excited in accordance with the motor load anda switch operated by said latch when it is operated to release saidvalve arranged to short-circuit the energized coil of saidelectromagnetic device.

8. Dishwashing apparatus comprising a vat adapted to contain a cleansingfluid, means for circulating saidv cleansing fluid in said vat, a motorconnected to operate said fluid circulating means, means for supplyingcleansing fluid to said vat, a valve controlling said fluid supplymeans, a cam, means operated by said cam arranged to effect theoperation of said valve to its open position, a drain valve for saidvat, a cam, means operated by said cam arranged to move said drain valvebetween its open and closed positions, a latch operably associated withsaid fluid supply valve to lock it in its open position,

.means dependent upon the motor load for operof the members controlledthereby, whereby in one position of said control member, said fluidsupply and drain valves are open, but said latching means is renderedineffective to lock said supply valve in its open position, and inanother position of said member said drain valve is closed ing means,means for supplying cleansing fluid to said vat, a valve controllingsaid fluid supply means, a cam, means operated by said cam arranged toeffect the operation of said valve to its open position, a drain valvefor said vat, a cam, means operatedtby said last mentioned cam arrangedto move said drain valve between its open and closed positions, a latchoperably associated with said supply valve to loci; it in its openposition, means biasing said latch to its locking-position, anelectromagnetic device including an'exciting coil arranged to operatesaid latch to its releasing position, a cam operably associated withsaid latch to prevent its functioning to lock said valve, an electricalcircuit for said motor, a switch controlling said circuit, a camarranged to operate said switch, electrical connections including theexciting coil of said electromagnetic device in the motor circuit sothat said coil is excited in accordance with the motor load, a switch insaid connections arranged when closed to short-circuit said coil, a noperable connection between said last mentioned switch and said latchwhereby the switch is closed when said latch is moved to release saidsupp y valve, 8. common shaft for operating said cams in a predeterminedsequence, a manually operable control member and an operable connectionbetween said control member and said shaft. 7 I

10. A dishwashing machine comprising a vat adapted to contain acleansing fluid, a dish supporting rack in said vat, means for supplyingwater to said vat, a spray device in said vat ar-' ranged to hurl thewater supplied thereto through said rack in spray form to effect aaction on the dishes supported therein, a drain valve for said vatarranged when closed to allow the water supplied to said vat toaccumulate therein, an impeller in said vat arranged to hurl saidaccumulated water through said rack to effect a washing action on thedishes supported therein, a valve controlling said fluid supplyingmeans, means for locking said supply valve in its open position, meansfor releasing said valve in accordance with the load imposed on saidimpeller when circulating the accumulated water through said vat, cammeans arranged to effect the operation of said supply valve to its openposition, cam means controlling the operation of said drain valvebetween its open and closed positions, a common operating shaft foroperating said cams in a predetermined sequence and a cam on said shaftcontrolling the operation of said locking means to prevent thefunctioning thereof to lock said fluid supply valve in its open positionwhen said drain valve is opened, but permitting said latching means tolock said valve in its open position when said valveis closed.

11. Dishwashing apparatus comprising a vat adapted to contain acleansing fluid, a dish-suplish a predetermined sequence in theoperation porting rack in said vat, a. reaction spray device in said vatarranged to hurl cleansing fluid supplied to it through said rack toeffect a rinsing action on the dishes supported therein, means forsupplying cleansing fluid to said vat through said reaction spraydevice, a drain valve for said vat arranged when closed to allow fluidsupplied through said spray device to accumulate in said vat,'animpeller in said vat arranged to hurl said accumulated fluid throughsaid rack to effect a washing action on the dishes in said rack, a motorfor drivingsaid impeller, a controlling switch for said motor, a valvecontrolling said fluid supply means, cams controlling said fluid supplyand drain valves and said switch. a common shaft for said cams and anoperating member for said cam shaft, said cams arranged by operation ofsaid operating member to effect a predetermined sequence of operation ofsaid valves and said switch so as to effect a predetermined cleans ingcycle wherein in one position of said operating member fluid is suppliedto said vat through said reaction spray device while said drain valve isopen so as to rinse said dishes and wherein in another controllingposition of said member fluid is supplied to said vat while said drainvalve is closed to allow said fluid to accumulate in said vat forcirculation by said impeller to effect a washing action on said dishesand said motor is energized to drive said impeller.

12. Dishwashing apparatus comprising a vat, means in said vat arrangedto circulate a cleansing fluid therethrough, a motor connected tooperate said fluid circulating means, a switch controlling said motor,means for supplying cleans ing fluid to said vat, a valve controllingsaid fluid supply means, a drain for said' vat, a valve controlling saiddrain, a plurality of cams controlling said valves and said motorswitch, a com- -mon operating'shaft for said cams,- a manually operablecontrol member and a flexible driving shaft interposed between andmechanically connecting said control member and said cam-shaft.

13. Dishwashing apparatus comprising a vat adapted to contain acleansing fluid, a dish-supporting rack in said vat, a reaction spraydevice in said 'vat' arranged to hurl cleansing fluid supplied to itthrough-said rack to effect arinsing action on the dishes supportedtherein, means for supplying cleansing fluid to said vat through saidreaction spray device, a drain valve for said vat arranged when closedto allow fluid supplied through said spray device to accumulate in saidvat, an impeller in said vat arranged to hurl said accumulated fluidthrough said rack to effect a washing action on the dishes in said rack,

means for operating said impeller, valve means controlling said fluidsupply means, means including a single manually operable control membercontrolling the operation of said'last men tioned valve means and-saiddrain valve arranged by operation of said control member to selec-v tivepositions to eflect a predetermined sequence of operation of said valvemeans and said drain valve so as to effect a predetermined cleansingcycle wherein in one position of said control member fluid is suppliedto said vat through said reaction spray device while said drain valve isopen so as to rinse said dishes, said fluid flowing continuouslyintosaid vat while said control member is in said one position, and inanother controlling position of said member said fluid supply valvemeansis controlled to admit fluid to said vat while said drain valve isclosed to allow said fluid to accumulate in said vat for I moussemulated fluid in said vat controlling said fluid supply valve means toshut oil the supply fluid when said load attains a predeterminedmagniture.

14. Dishwashing apparatus comprising a vat 'adapted to contain acleansing fluid, a dish-supporting rack in said vat, a reaction spraydevice in said vat arranged to hurl cl fluid supplied to it through saidrack to eflect a rinsing action on the dishes supported therein, meansfor supplying cleansing fluid to said vat through said reaction spraydevice, a drain valve for said vat arranged when closed to allow fluidsupplied through said spray device to accumulate in said vat, animpeller in said vat arranged to hurl said accumulated fluid throughsaid rackto eflect a washing action on the dishes in said rack, a motorfor operating said impeller, valve means controlling said fluid supplymeans and means ineluding a common manually operable control member forcontrolling the operation oi said last mentioned valve means, said motorand said drain valve arranged by operation 0! said control member toselective positions to eflect a predetermined sequence oi operation ofsaid members so as to eiiect a predetermined cleansing cycle wherein inone positionot said control member fluid is supplied to said vat throughsaid reaction spray device while said drain valve is open so as to rinsesaid dishes, said fluid flowing continuously into said vat while saidcontrol member is in said-'oneposition, and in another controllingposition of said member said fluid supply valve means is controlled tosupply a predetermined quantity of fluid to said vat while said drainvalve is closed to allow said fluid to accumulate in said vattor'circulation by said im-. peller to eflfect a washing action on saiddishes, and said impeller motor is energized to operate said impellercontinuously while. said control member is in saidlast mentionedcontrolling position.

l5. Dishwashing apparatus comprising a vat adapted to contain acleansing fluid, a dish-supporting rack in said vat, a reaction spraydevice in said vat arranged to hurl cleansing fluid supplied to itthrough said rack to eflect a rinsing action 01 the dishes supportedtherein, means for supplying cleansing fluid to said vat through saidreaction spray device, a drain valve for said vat arranged when closedto allow fluid supplied through said spray deviceto accumulate in saidvat, an impeller in said vat arranged to hurl said washing action on thedishes supported in said rack, a motor for driving said impeller, acontrolling switch !or said motor, a valve controlling said fluid supplymeans, control means for said fluid supply and drain valves and saidswitch comprising a housing, means mounting said switch in said housing,a cam shaft within said housing, operating members for said fluid supplyand drain valves entering said housing, cams on said shalt arranged tooperate said members and said switch in a predetermined sequence, anoperating shaft for said cam shaft, means mechanically connecting saidoperating shaft to said cam shaft, and an operating member for saidoperating shalt.

CARL M. SNYDER. JESSE H. CLARK.

accumulated fluid through said rack to eflfect a

